Critical assessment of the contention that todays globalised business Essay

Critical assessment of the contention that todays globalised business environment is mainly about the production of flows, and needs to take little account of territories - Essay Example Flows are a significant part of the current globalization process because they allow for cultures and economies of different countries to be integrated to one another. This leads to the creation of a common style of doing things and a step towards the development of a common global culture (Wolf 2004). A territory refers to a defined area of water and land mass, and air owned by a country, state, organization or a person. People have often hold the view that globalization has caused the dissolving of all boundaries and borders and that cultural influences, people and money can flow freely all round the globe. According to such a view, the globalised business environment is basically about the creation of needs and flows that take little consideration of territories. However, there are instances in which we find that the flows of goods, technologies or services are subject to territory border restrictions (Bhagwati 2004). ICT has played a significant role in globalization because it has changed the environment in which services and goods are created and distributed. Currently, people move across international boundaries for purposes of business, studies, searching for better economic opportunities and tourism. This in turn has led to transfer of technologies, trade patterns and factor endowments across the world. (Freeman 2006). Even with the potential advantages of globalisation, there are still policies that control or restrict the free movement of workers into advanced labour markets. Some territories continue to be a significant part of today’s globalization to a great extends for example the San Diego-Tijuana. Tijuana-San Diego lies on the border between, San Diego and Tijuana, two large coastal cities in North America. The international metropolitan area is located at the junction of major state routes, interstates and federal highways. It is positioned at the terminus of 10 major federal highways and interstates. Stiglitz(2006) explains that such a strategic position is important for globalization because it serves as a point which people or states meet and integrate. It facilitates easy flow and exchange of ideas, goods, capital, technology and people. San Diego is a significant area of culture finance, and economies in California while Tijuana is a significant regional business center in northwestern Mexico. Globalization has enabled the region to remain as a dominant commercial center in the US. According to Noah Timothy (2010), San Diego experiences the most active land-crossing in the world as people cross for business and tourist purposes. Globalisation has allowed san Diego-Tijuana to grow to a powerful economic region in the California. As much as globalization has increased the flow of goods or people across borders, there are still some policies and trade regulations in some countries that restrict the importation of certain goods (Bhagwati 2004). For exa mple the importation of certain merchandise are restricted or totally prohibited in Portugal to protect its economy and security while some are subject to restrain under import quota (US. Department of Commerce 2010).This means that globalization does not have the power to disregard territories. The current flow of goods people, finance and cultural ideas around has bound up territories through the creation of a global competitive environment that

Liver Transplant Essay Example for Free

Liver Transplant Essay Organ transplants are some of the hardest surgeries that doctors can do. They require many trained personnel, time, and complicated procedures. Liver transplants are among the most difficult organ transplants that can be done. There are also many risks involved with the surgery and patients must face all of them in order to come out with a new and working liver. According to the American Liver Foundation patients that undergo a liver transplant have a 75% chance of survival after five years. In other words, one in four patients will die in five years due to their new liver. Even for organ transplants, that is a very low chance of survival. Organ transplants tend to be very complex in nature. Since livers have so many functions they are among the hardest to transplant safely. The surgeon must first make a cut in the upper abdomen. Then they must remove the old liver by cutting it off from the blood vessels and bile ducts. The surgeon must then place the new liver into the patient’s body and connect it to the old blood vessels and bile ducts. Most operations usually take around 12 hours and since there is so much blood lost new blood must be continually added through a transfusion for the whole of the operation. There are many problems with this surgery and the first one is the act of moving the donated liver to the patient that will receive it. The liver can only stay functioning for a short period of time outside of the body. That means that as soon as a liver is taken from a donor it must be immediately transported to the recipient. This requires that many people work together as one to set up an appointment for the patient and the donor, to remove the liver from the donor, ship the donor’s liver to the recipient, put the liver into the recipient, close them up, and manage the finances of the whole operation. All of this requiring much time, effort, and money. There is yet an even larger risk that the new liver might be seen as an invader of the body by the immune system. This would mean that the body would start to break apart the new liver and attack it with cells that were made to fight off disease. The immune system would essentially be fighting off the thing trying to help it. Unfortunately all transplant patients also become dependent on immunosuppressive drugs that keeps the immune system from attacking the liver. While these drug may be helpful they also keep patients from fighting off infections, so all patients have a harder time fighting off disease. The patients must also use these drugs for as long as they live, adding up to thousands of dollars over the patient’s life. Luckily there are many new procedures that will make the chance of survival even higher. For instance, doctors can now take a small piece of a living donor’s liver and graft it onto the recipient’s liver. This can be done since the body only needs a small part of the a liver to carry out its normal functions, things like transporting the bile from the gallbladder to the intestines and detoxifying the blood. The procedure usually has to be done with donors and patients that have the same blood type and other major body factors. This means that a surgery is usually done with members of the same family. Another great thing for liver transplant patients is a new liquid that organs can be placed in for transportation. It keeps the organ as fresh as if it were inside the body. This allows the organ to be moved much farther than it would have otherwise. Instead of it being moved just 30 minutes away it can be moved across the country. But even this is not perfect, even in this liquid organs can still break down and fail to work inside of the new body. In the end, the benefits of liver transplantations far outweigh the risks for only one reason. Every patient will die if they do not receive a new liver.

Self reference Criterion and importance for International marketing

Self reference Criterion and importance for International marketing Self-reference Criterion and its importance for International marketing If you take a look around yourself you will find how many goods and services are solely produced in your own country around you? Your clothes might be produced in Pakistan, your cell phone from China, your computer in Singapore; your Coffee might be from Latin America. Whatever we talk about music, clothes, movies or our soft drinks for everything there are good chances that most of these products are produced in somewhere else in the globe. This is the global market place where good price and quality is welcomed by consumers irrespective of the region of its origination. In this scenario the need is to adopt the marketing practices that are effective beyond the borders so the importance of international marketing cannot be denied. International marketing is not an easy task. The international marketer has to face many obstacles in the way to achieve his goals. One of the primary obstacles is whenever we face a problem; we react abruptly and take decisions on the basis of values, meanings, behaviors and symbols that we have taken from our own culture. This type of decisions usually do not proved to be correct, as values, meanings and all other elements of culture usually differ from country to country. This is called self-reference criterion. According to Cateora at al (2007), the self-reference criterion is when decisions are taken on the basis of experiences, values and knowledge of ones own culture. The understanding of self-reference criterion is very much important for the marketing firm that plans to enter in international markets. In local markets on the basis of self-reference criterion; the marketer can predict the future responses of customers to a particular product but in the markets of some other country or culture the responses of customers will be based on their unique cultural environment. Even when the marketing strategy for international market is developed very carefully, chances of misunderstandings cannot be entirely vanished due to many un-avoidable factors. The intervention of self-reference criterion in international marketing practices can be easily understood with the help of following examples. In an advertisement created by Nestle corporation for their Kit Kat, a voice cover of local language was used for both countries UK and Italy. In that advertisement the quack, universal language of ducks, and duck callers were used by duck hunter to attract the ducks. Meanwhile in the commercial they became frustrated and to have a cheerful break they need a Kit Kat. That advertisement could not be succeeded because of the cultural differences between the consumers culture and marketers culture. In Italy the hunting is considered as a negative act and Italian also took Kit Kat as a luxury and product. From this example we can clearly say that the success of a marketing strategy is critically based on customer understandings and its important is raised more when we talk about international marketing. In 1996 McDonalds opened seven restaurants in India. The 40% population of India is vegetarian and they do not eat meat or animal proteins. The fish, frozen meat and spicy foods were also not frequently used by remaining meat eaters. So in order to be successful in new market the McDonalds had make many changes to its prime products and needed to use separate tools and kitchens to make burgers and other products according to the needs of Indian markets. This all created many problems for the company and company had also incurred many extra costs. This example shows that how companies have to face self-referencing criterion when expanding their business in new international markets. When Unilever started its operations in Brazil and wanted to introduce detergents, the biggest issues that company faced ware that people in Brazil dont have washing machines, in rural areas people used to wash their clothes at the river and most of the population of Brazil was poor and they were very much conscious about the products. So to avoid self-reference criterion the Unilever first developed a formula of soap, they made the plastic packing of soaps to conveniently use while washing clothes on rivers and they made small packing of detergents in order to low their prices and made them affordable for maximum number of population that have low incomes. This was the most successful tool used by the company to avoid the effects of self-reference criterion and recognized the existence of this influence in our behaviors. It is argued that one can never understand deeply each and every aspect of the culture but awareness about major aspects can be obtained, and he should ask bout that he does not know and should be open enough to accept the differences. The global awareness can be used as most effective tool to control the effects of self-reference criterion and ensure the success of an international marketing campaign. The global awareness is described by the Cateora et al as to be: Objective to understand the opportunities in correct manners make correct assessments of organizations potential and design responses to the expected problems. Mostly the western companies attracted towards India due to its huge market of more than one billion population and take it as a good opportunity and market with a lot of potential but they ignore the purchasing power and low income factors of the economy of India, the inefficient media, poor distribution, poor and low standard of infrastructures and many other factors that cause the reduction in potential of this huge markets for many kind of products. Tolerant towards the differences prevail among cultures. It is referred to the understanding of differences prevail among cultures and acceptance of these differences when working in a common working place with those who belongs to different cultural group. As in Romania when some Arab businessmen came to visit the country for opportunities and a local student was attached to them as translator. She spent two week with them to visit the different Romanian cities but she could not adjust herself with their eating habits and showed the behavior of lack of tolerance for other cultures. Knowledgeable of history, cultures, general trends and real potentials of markets. The awareness of culture is very much important if one wants to know the behaviors of some particular market place. The basic element of the environment in which the company is going to start its business is culture of that place and consumer behaviors are very much influenced by this. The history of that place is very much important to understand the behaviors of consumers as past events always have great effects on the way people behave in a particular case. By analyzing the history we can understand why British were not in favor of the channel tunnel between France and Britain and why Turkish products are not liked in Greek. The understanding of market potential is important because they are varying very fast. If we see now we will find many regions of the world that showing increasing potential, many markets have emerging trends and most of the European markets have been saturated. In next twenty y ears the emerging markets from Asia will show huge potentials for future businesses. The understandings of general trends like global political, economical and social trends are very much important because growth process of the market is depend upon these trends. A good marketer will identify the market opportunities before anyone else could know them. Now it is very much clear that the success of marketing firm is very much dependant on its ability to understand the customers and even more like a life blood for firms that are operating at international level. Following are some more examples given by Housden and Lewis to develop more understanding of the concept. In China green color is used to represent the people who sells vegetables so British racing green has no chances to be successful in China. In Brunei the Yellow color is considered as royal color and its public use is not appreciated. In order to show the sorrow of death purple color is used in Mexico. In china number 8 is taken as lucky number and considered as premium number to take as number of cars but number 4 is considered vice versa. The firms operating at international level must be very much conscious about the translations of their slogans, tag lines or brand names etc in local language of that place. If they dont take it seriously it can be very harmful for their marketing campaigns. Hundred of examples can be presented about the improper selection of Brand names and designs that caused failures because of self-referencing criterion. Superpiss that is a Scandinavian dicer it cannot be translated into English properly. Pschitt is lemonade from France and cannot be advertized in Germany as its proper translation is not possible in German. Bimbo bread and Bum Crisps are brands from Spain and their advertisement is not possible in United States as their names are not acceptable there. The slogan of Pepsi Cola Come Alive with Pepsi is not acceptable in china as in Chinese it means Pepsi raises relatives from the dead. In 1966 James Lee accepted the importance of self-reference criterion for marketing firms and provided an approach of four stages in order to mitigate the biases raised by this self-referencing criterion especially in international marketing. In first step the problem is defined on the basis of culture of home country. In second step the problem should be defined again on the basis of culture of the country in which company wants to start operations without involving value judgments. Control the effects of self-referencing criterion on problem definition and analyze the problem. Then problem is redefined without the self-referencing criterion. The importance to understand the effects of self-reference criterion cannot be overlooked by the marketing firm that wants to operate at international level. It can act as life blood for the success of the marketing campaigns designed by the company and their effectiveness is based on the understanding of the campaigns developers about the culture of the host country. Knowledge of sub-cultural groups and Market segmentation The segmentation of the market involves the dividing of entire market into small customers groups who have different type of responses for different marketing strategies for particular service or product. In this way the organization can design the marketing policies according to the particular needs and requirements of each segment in order to have more profitability by more generating favorable responses than by simply applying a single marketing policy for whole market. The market segmentation is mostly done at the level of customers. But in case of international marketing sometimes markets are also segmented on the basis of whole countries by considering the aspects that are common among countries. This type of segmentation is not proved that much successful as countries have great variation in them and it is difficult to take meaningful averages. The most suitable basis that is used to segment the markets is customers and their unique response behaviors or purchasing decisions. Many factors affect the purchasing decisions of customers that are uncontrollable by them but they have indirect or direct influences on the lifestyle of customers. Culture is one of these factors that affect the consumer behaviors. It represents the shared beliefs, behaviors and meanings among the members of a society. Whatever we do is based upon these shared behaviors that are transferred in a society from one member to another. It is a wide concept and has not as much importance for marketers as the groups within the culture or sub-cultures. The subculture is consisting of members who have their own values, beliefs and customs within the society that distinguish them from others in same society. Moreover they also obey the major values, beliefs and behaviors of dominant culture of the whole society. Subculture can be defined as a separate cultural group that prevails in a society as recognizable segment. There can be different types of subcultures prevail in a society like religious subcultures, ethnic subcultures, age subcultures and disabilities subcultures. So the knowledge of subcultures is very much important for marketers while segmenting their markets in smaller groups. Because the goal of all the efforts of marketers are to convince the customers to buy their brands and a very effective tool that is usually used by them to achieve this goal is cultural representations. By using this tool it is believed that when products relates to the cultural values the customers feel more comfortable. The marketers put a lot of efforts to understand the differences and similarities prevail in these sub cultural groups. They design their marketing policies for these cultural groups and try to attract them towards the product by aligning the product with the values and beliefs of their subculture. Although it is difficult to develop effective marketing policy for different subcultures, they must put their efforts to get sufficient knowledge about the similarities and differences among these groups in order to capitalize them. The importance of knowledge of subcultures for marketers while segmenting the markets can be very well understand by discussing the example of a Cigarette manufacturer who wants design the marketing policy for the subcultures groups of United States. The whole market of United States is divided in three sub-cultural groups of African American, Hispanics and Asians. The one big common factor in Hispanics, African Americans and Asians is that they are minorities in the United States. The first ever minority that migrated to United States is African Americans and after great struggle now they are considered as an important sub-cultural group of America because of their strong influence on politics and culture. The Hispanics is the largest minority of United Stated although they could not gain that much influence on American politics and culture as African Americans. This subculture has many similarities like language, food, political views and religion but this is a highly divided subculture. Just like Hispanics, Asians is also a subculture group that is highly divided but they dont have as much similarities as Hispanics has. A big challenge for the companys marketers is to design the marketing policies that best align with the norms and values of these subcultures by indentifying the differences and similarities of these sub-cultural groups. Differences Among subcultures African Americans: African American is most organized and strong sub-cultural group of United States. However they belong to different cultures of Africa but they lived many years under ethnic discrimination and efforts of many years have united them now. Today the presence of African Americans can be seen in Music, Sports and even in Politics with great influence. Now they are considered a strong group of America and they are showing their success not only politically but also by material possessions in the form of jewelry, luxury vehicles and recognition in public. Hispanics: This is a subculture group of United States with high diversities but according to CBS News, 2003 they also have a largest population of minority in United States. They belong to more than 20 different countries and cultures. They are more concerned with religion and families and most of them belong to Catholic thoughts. The number of Hispanics is increasing due to more immigrants every year and they want acceptance in the society as a strong influential group. Asians: The challenges faced by Asian are not different from Hispanics; Asian is even more diversified subculture group because they differ in religion, language, food and even in facial features. The members of this group belongs to the countries of China, Japan, India and Thailand and these all countries differ in languages, eating habits and even in facial features. One common thing that all Asians have who immigrate to United States is that want to achieve a better lifestyle so their more intentions are towards the achievement of success and they are mostly involved in entrepreneurial activities. Marketing Strategies to Target Subcultures The knowledge of sub-cultural groups for marketers has great significance while designing marketing strategies to target these groups. As the African Americans have goals to be most successful individuals the need of the cigarette marketers is to design the strategy that focuses on assigning a sense of uniqueness, class and sophistication for all those customers who will be smoking that cigarette. So the association of the brand with any public and highly successful African American will give a very much positive response for the brand. On other hand the Hispanics more concerned with belongingness and family so the strategy that more focuses on an image of traditions and trust factors will have more positive results. The thing that needs more attentions of marketers is that this group is highly diversified group and differs in status as well. The use of language will also be very much critical towards the success of campaign for this group. In case of Asians this subculture is consid ered as low profile group and strategy that will best suit for this group will be focused on respect of individual identity and traditions. The languages used for this group will more suitable if native language will be used. The success of an effective segmentation and a good marketing strategy is highly based on the knowledge of the marketer about the subcultures prevail in the society. People belongs to different subcultures differ from each others in many terms. They differ in their languages, their ages, their eating habits, beliefs, and even in facial features. So to design a well aligned marketing strategy the marketer should have sufficient knowledge of the sub cultural groups of the society.

An Analysis of Araby in James Joyces Dubliners :: Joyce Dubliners Araby Essays

An Analysis of Araby      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are many statements in the story "Araby" that are both surprising and puzzling.   The statement that perhaps gives us the most insight into the narrator's thoughts and feelings is found at the end of the story.   "Gazing up into the darkness I saw myself as a creature driven and derided by vanity; and my eyes burned with anguish and anger. (32)"   By breaking this statement into small pieces and key words, we can see it as a summation of the story's major themes.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   At this point in the story, many emotions are swirling about in the narrator's head.   His trip to the bazaar has been largely unsuccessful.   He was late arriving, was unable to find a gift for Mangan's sister, felt scorned by the merchants, and suddenly found himself in a dark room.   These surroundings left him feeling both derided, and with a sense that this eagerly anticipated trip had been in vain.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Many other situations caused him to feel driven and derided by vanity.   His reflections of the "charitable" life of the priest who occupied the narrator's house before the narrator make us wonder if the priest led a life of vanity.   His early obsession with Mangan's sister now seems in vain.   "I had never spoken to her ... and yet her name was like a summons to my foolish blood. (4)"   He feels ashamed and ridiculed by his earlier inability to communicate with Mangan's sister.   He sees how distracted he was by his anticipation of the bazaar.   He recalls that he " had hardly any patience with the serious work of life. (12)"   The narrator is embarrassed by the time he had wasted, and the ease with which he became distracted.   The near total worthlessness of the bazaar at the time the narrator arrives is an extreme example of vanity.   Not only does the narrator feel ridiculed by the vanity involved in this situation, he also feels driven by it.   The simple conversation he carries on with Mangan's sister regarding the bazaar drives him to direct all his thoughts toward the glory that will be the bazaar.   A sort of irony can be found in the fact that something that he devoted all his "waking and sleeping thoughts"

Narrative Writing & Tupac Essay

American rapper, actor, activist, poet 2Pac was truly one of hip hop’s most distinctively talented artists and indeed, a dynamically influential figure who conveyed his introspective thoughts through such vibrantly resonating music and lyrics. However, 2Pac’s journey to glory and recognition was filled only with many intricacies and hardships but fuelled only by gifted ability, wit, heart and sheer passion. Many could either label him from anywhere as both a thug and gangster or a natural born leader and poet—but 2pac emphasized: â€Å"Measure a man by his actions fully, with his whole life from the beginning to the end† (qtd. in Lazin). Born Tupac Amaru Shakur (June 16, 1971) in East Harlem, New York, 2pac was named after a proud Inca chief from South America by his mother who was a key member of the Black Panther. Due to her significant affiliation with the movement, Afeni Shakur was incarcerated during her pregnancy to her son. 2pac admits the absolute admiration he has for his mother for being able to withstand all adversity and eventually giving birth to him, affectionately mentioning her as a â€Å"strong black woman†(Lazin). 2pac values his mother’s teaching of raising him and his sister to be community-oriented and socially aware, amidst the financial shortcomings they faced. 2pac categorizes their financial status then as being â€Å"stone broke† as they did not have luxuries or even necessities which he thought they needed. Growing up, 2pac had no real father figure to look up to—he stresses such longing in saying that â€Å"You need a man to teach you how to be a man† (qtd. in Lazin). Due to his troubles to gain a steady source of income, his mother decided to move to Baltimore. There, 2pac was enrolled in the Baltimore School of Arts and spent three years there learning assorted facets of art and meeting various individuals-turned-friends. In the process of education, 2pac pin points one major flaw of lack of shedding light into life’s reality. In his observation of the social and economic inequality, he states, â€Å"Rich people should live like poor people, and poor people should live like rich people. They should change every week† (qtd. in Lazin). In attempt to escape poverty and violence, 2pac moved to California only to realize the same poverty element shared by the â€Å"black community. † Yet, amidst it all, he stayed strong. After having decided to move out of his mother’s house and authority, with no other choice, 2pac resorted to the ways of street life in which he cites how he found father-figures in the form of drug-dealers, pimps, and criminals. It was in the streets that his rather sharp tongue was cultivated: â€Å"The words that I say are the words that don’t come out from a mother’s mouth or a father’s mouth† (2Pac qtd. in Lazin). Eventually dropping out from high school, 2Pac had a short turn in selling drugs but was advised later on by the same people— his co-drug dealers, who later stood as financial sponsors for him to follow his dreams in music. 2pac professionally started in an early nineties hip hop group known as the â€Å"Digital Underground. † Shock G, leader of the group, gave opportune chances for 2Pac as he was starting out—free style raps during performances and songs, having him belong in the group as a roadie and taking him in. After having some songs under his belt and being recognized for his talent by major music labels and prominent figures such as Interscope and Ted Field, â€Å"2Pacalypse Now† was released as his first platinum album in which he tackled major social issues and expressed and stimulated the pain he dealt with throughout his childhood. This was the beginning of a series of albums that were not only of commercial and critical success but also were of social significance. As 2Pac’s fame grew, he opted to stretch his skills for the silver-screen, through films such as â€Å"Juice† (1992), â€Å"Poetic Justice† (1993), and â€Å"Above the Rim† (1994) which displayed both his aggressive and sensitive strengths in his character and also, acting prowess. As his messages of social awareness come across even more, 2Pac stressed his personal take and concept of how he wants to empower the youth, the oppressed, and the ill-fated through his idealistic but rather controversial theme of â€Å"Thug Life. † However, there were rather social distortions in between 2Pac’s and the media’s meaning. Hence, in a subjective interpretation, 2Pac explains that this idea has nothing to do with the dictionary’s definition of thug; rather, it pertains to the underdog who chooses to overcome each life’s seemingly hopeless obstacles with pride, dignity, and courage. His fame was often accompanied by many sorts of controversy which included a violent altercation with a limousine driver, clashes with rightist group members like C. Dolores Tucker and William Bennett, to the news and media pertaining to his lyrics content, and even assault, which took quite heavy blows upon him. Most especially on life and freedom threatening occurrences, after being a victim of a shooting, he was later convicted to serve a prison sentence due to losing to charges of rape. His prison stint, only gave rose to strength and experience in him becoming a better man of insight in life’s truths. In addition, while serving his sentence, his music still crossed-over to the hearts and minds of millions. With all of these, he realized his irresponsible actions, mistakes, and rather wrong decision making of what to say, what to do, and how to act. After being bailed out through a record deal with CEO with a criminal past, Suge Knight and his music label, Death Row Records, 2Pac was freed and at once focused on getting his music on the rise again. Despite having freedom, 2Pac had to face an assortment of financial battles, just as so as he would not to go back to jail. As 2Pac music rode the Death Row banner high and proud, together with peers such as Dr. Dre and Snoop Doggy Dogg, a feud between East Coast and West Coast rapper grew, but 2Pac stresses that such tension was rooted only and mainly on two men—him and East Coast rapper Notorious B. I. G. 2Pac understood the effects of such strain of which he felt responsible for and said that â€Å"I hope we would exercise greater restraint,† pertaining to the situation (qtd. in Lazin). Amidst all the past difficulties and pressing danger, 2Pac kept a strong outlook on life: â€Å"I felt that the only thing that could kill me is death, and even then, my music will live forever† (qtd. in Lazin). While in Las Vegas, after a Mike Tyson-Bruce Seldon bout, a car pulled up alongside were Suge Knight, and 2Pac was positioned then open fired upon by four gunmen as they were supposedly headed to a night club. After undergoing two surgeries, having a lung removed and despite having a surge of praying fans outside the hospital of which were he stayed, 2Pac passed away with his truth message and true music of which he left behind to us. His legacy would never be forgotten for his music captured continuing struggles of the common man who only demanded for change, progress, and the right to have a better future. Tupac Amaru Shakur indeed was a warrior and prophet, despite the controversy, despite the media frenzy he had to go through, and despite everything else. Indeed, his message is powerful: â€Å"I’m not saying I’m going to change the world, but I guarantee you that I will spark the brains that will change the world. So, keep you head up† (2Pac qtd. in Lazin). Works Cited Lazin, Lauren. Tupac: Resurrection. Los Angeles, California: Paramount Pictures, 2003.

Should You Spend Your Summer at Sports Camp Pros and Cons

Should You Spend Your Summer at Sports Camp Pros and Cons SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you an athlete? Thinking seriously about playing a sport in college? Or just love playing for fun? Consider attending a college-based summer sports camp! Get more playing time in and meet like-minded athletes with a passion for your sport. In this article, I’ll explain what college-basedsports camps are, discuss the costs, give you some examples, and help you decide if you’d like to attend. What Are College-Based Summer Sports Camps? College-based summer sports camps are camps at which you play a specific sport.They're offered by colleges but are open toalmost all ages from 5 years old through the end of high school.These camps vary in time length (from a few hours to several days long).Some camps are day camps (where you commute from home to attend the camp), but other camps are residential (where you live on campus at the camp location). At these camps, you’ll likely be coached by one of the college’s team coaches. You’ll run drills, learn technique, and play against the other campers.These college-based camps all must operate according to NCAA rules. All camps are open to anyone who’d like to attend.There are no requirements for entry other than that you’re in the age range for your camp of choice and can afford to pay the cost.I’ll discuss the costs later on. Why are these college-based sports camps open to anyone who’d like to attend?It’s part of the NCAA rules.If schools want potential recruits to attend their sports camps, they also have to allow other students who are interested to be able to attend the camp.Additionally, NCAA rules don’t allow summer camps to provide scholarships on the basis of athletic ability.However, programs can offer scholarships based on financial need (I’ll discuss this more in the costs section). What is the purpose of these camps for colleges? Most colleges run theses camps to attract top athletes to come to their college and play for their teams.While the camps are open to anyone, the reason colleges run them is to find young athletes and get them interested in attending their school.By introducing potential college athletes to the school coach and the team, colleges can get them excited about playing for that school.Also, it gives the coach a chance to help guide these young athletes to become better, more disciplined players while they’re still in high school.Other colleges(especially smaller schools or those who don't have outstanding teams) may justuse these camps as a revenue source without giving players a ton of opportunities for recruitment. What is the purpose of these camps for players?Asa player, you should want to attend a sports camp to tryto get the attention of college recruiters, to improve at a sport you love, or to do both. What Sports Are Offered at College Sports Camps? The sports offered at thesecamps range dramatically from traditional sports such as football or basketballto unique sports such as fencing. Here’s a list of all of the sports that I’ve seen offered at summer sports camps: Baseball Basketball Diving Fencing Field Hockey Football Ice Hockey Lacrosse Rowing Soccer Squash Strength and Conditioning Swimming Tennis Volleyball Water Polo Wrestling NOTE: the sports offered will vary by college. To locate a program for a sport you’re interested in, I recommend doing a Google search for â€Å"College [Sport Name] Summer Sports Camp† (such as College Fencing Summer Sports Camps), OR if you’re want to see if a sport is offered at a specific school, you can do a Google search for â€Å"[School Name] Summer Sports Camps† (such as Brown University Summer Sports Camps). What Do You Do AtCollege Sports Camps? At these sports camps, you’re coached by either the actual Varsity head coach at that college or by one of the athletes or member of the athletic department.Again, this will vary by program, so you may want toconduct a Google search to find whowill be coaching a specific sports camp. At all of these camps, you spend time on training activities (for example, running drills) and time playing the sport.At certain camps, you’ll also spend time focusing on strategy. Some camps (such as UC Irvine’s soccer camp) bring in coaches from other colleges to watch you play and have workshops that talk to you about how to be recruited to play a sport and how to maintain academic eligibility.The exact itinerary varies by program. Here’s what a daily itinerary might look like (from UC Irvine’s soccer camp): 7:30-8:30AM BREAKFAST (Residents only) 8:30AM COMMUTER DROP OFF 9:00-11:00AM SESSION 1: Technical Drills 11:30AM-12:30PM: LUNCH (All campers) 12:30-2:00PM: BREAK 2:30-4:30PM: SESSION 2: Tactical Strategies 5:00-6:00PM: DINNER (All campers) 6:30-8:00PM: MATCH PLAY (playing in teams) 8:30-9:15PM: COLLEGE RECRUITING 101 Seminar 9:30PM: COMMUTER PICK UP 11:00PM: LIGHTS OUT Logistics: Costs, Financial Aid, and How to Apply Prices can range from $100 to $1000.Price varies drastically by program and program length. A one-day or half-day commuter program will be less expensive (around $100-$200), while 5-day long residential camps will be more expensive (around $800-$1000).Again, do a Google search to locate a specific program, and the cost should be listed on that program website. These prices are low compared to other summer camps, and I think there are a few reasons: These camps generally don’t offer â€Å"extracurricular† activities (such as trips to local museums or sporting events). These camps likely cost less to run since they’re using readily available facilities (the facilities they already use for their sports team). Also, these camps don’t need to hire their camp staff, since their staff is simply the team coach (the coach’s salary likely includes pay for the camp). These camps also probably keep costs low to allow many people to attend. Colleges may subsidize their camps (or run them at zero profit, i.e. charge only what it costs them) in order to attract top athletes from all socioeconomic conditions. Is Financial Aid Available? As I briefly mentioned before, NCAA rules prohibit college sports summer camps from providing scholarships on the basis of athletic ability.However, some summer sports programs can offer scholarships based on financial need.This varies by college and program. Look up a specific program through Google to see their financial aid availability. Traditionally, only high school students who qualify for federal financial aid programs (such as free or reduced lunch) qualify for financial aid. However, check with the specific program to be sure. Furthermore, due to NCAA rules, no third party can pay for your sports camp fee. For example, a family friend can’t pay for your summer camp fee.The fees must be paid by your legal guardian.This is a precaution set up by the NCAA to avoid having alumni secretly pay the fee for you to attend the summer camp as a way of trying to persuadeyou toattend that college and play that sport there in the future. How to Apply to a College Summer Sports Camp According to NCAA regulations (for college programs), there can be no requirements to attend the program other than meeting the age qualification and paying the fee to attend. However, sign up early because programs often have a limit on the number of students that can attend the camp.Sign up through the program website. Again, you can find a specific program through a simple Google search for â€Å"College [Sport Name] Summer Sports Camp† (such as College Fencing Summer Sports Camps) or â€Å"[School Name] Summer Sports Camps† (such as Brown University Summer Sports Camps). Program Examples Colleges across the country offer summer sports camps. You can attend this type of camp atDivision I colleges(such as UC Irvine,Brown, and Princeton),Division II colleges (such as Palm Beach Atlantic University), andDivision III colleges(such asJohns Hopkins University). Search for a specific school through Google by typing in â€Å"[School Name] Summer Sports Camp† (such as Yale University Summer Sports Camp) to see if they offer a sports camp. What Are the Benefits of Attending a College Sports Camp? If you’re hoping to play a college sport and decide to attend a college summer sports camp, this is a great way to get in front of a coach at a school you’re interested in playing for.It also gives you a chance to try out the school to see if you like the school and the coach.Additionally, it gives you a chance to play the sport with a different coach and teammates than usual, which will make you a more flexible and better player. If you’re not hoping to play a college sport and decide to attend a college summer sports camp, it’s still a great opportunity!You’ll get to try out a college you’re interested in while making friends and getting great exercise.Additionally, lots of colleges say they like to see you showed a real interest in their school.Well, participating ata sports camp at their college shows you’re really serious about attending their school! How toChoose a Camp If You'reTrying to Get Recruited If your goal for attending a summer sports camp is to get recruited, you need to do a lot of research before choosing a camp. Once you've identified a few campsyou'd like to attend (using the method mentioned above),I have four research tips: Tip #1: Figure out who does the actual coaching at the camp! Call the summer sports camp you're interested in to ask who the coach is.If you're going to spend your time and money on a program,you want to make sure you're being coached by the head coach (or, at least, high-ranking members of the coaching staff). Tip #2: Find out how many other kids will attend the camp. When you call the office, make sure you find out how many campers will be there. You want to find a camp with a small camper to coach ratio. Some camps have 100 or more campers at each session; others only have 20. Try to look for the smaller programs where you'll have more face time with the coach. Tip #3: Find out how old your fellow campers willbe. You should be able to find this on the summer sports camp website, but if not call the office to ask. You want to attend a summer sports camp that is exclusively for high school athletes. You do NOT want to attend a camp open to all ages; otherwise, coaches may be busy babysitting younger players and may not pay close attention to you. Tip #4: Ask if any of the college's current players attended the camp. Obviously, schools that have players who attended the camp are more likely to recruit you from their camp! Be wary of colleges where none of the players attended the camp. Alternatives to College-Based Summer Sports Camps In this article, I focused on college-based sports camps, but you should know that there are also private and local parks recreation department sports camps to attend if you decide that a college-based sports camp isn’t for you. Private sports camps are organized by private companies such as Nike or simply by individuals (in my hometown, a former MLB baseball player had started a private summer baseball camp).At these private sports camps, you’ll also run drills and play the sport.However, you likely won’t be coached by a college coach (though some of these camps do hire college coaches). You’ll more likely be coached by a former professional athlete, former high school athlete, or high school coach.These camps vary in time and price. Some of these camps are a single day while some are multiple week residential or non-residential programs.The residential (sleepaway camp style)programs are typically based at a university (although they're run by a private organization). The schedule is usually identical to a daily commuter sports camp; however, overnight campers are provided all meals, housing, and usually have the opportunity to play more (since they can play after dinner).Find a private summer sports campin your area by conducting a Google Search for â€Å"[Town Name] summer sports camp.† In addition to college-based and private summer sports camps, most parks departments offer summer sports programs.These programs are essentially the same as private sports camps (exceptthey don’t offer residential options). Look at your local parks department website to see what sports camps are offered in your area.Locate your local parks department website by searching Google for â€Å"[Town Name] parks recreation department.† No matter who hosts it, attending asummer sports camp is a great experience. You’ll get to have a lot of fun, make friends, exercise, and play a sport you love! What’s Next? If you’re interested in a summer program for high school students, you should check out the Emory Pre-College Program. If you’re interested in playing a sport in college, you should learn about the different sports levels. Check out our complete list of NCAA Division 1 colleges, complete list of NCAA Division 2 colleges, and complete list of NCAA Division 3 colleges. Want to improve your SAT score by 240 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Aids and the Media essays

Aids and the Media essays AIDS and the Psychological Disorders Caused By Illicit Drug Use and the Media It is pretty easy to understand how people diagnosed with AIDS would be willing to do and/or try anything to help themselves; as well as being more susceptible to not only opportunistic diseases, but also diseases of the mind. The pressures and stress that AIDS patients must face is incomprehensible to those of us who do not face death everyday, waiting for the next illness to take over, waiting to die; their minds must go numb with black thoughts. The media too is at fault for helping to make AIDS sufferers deadened with their hyped up miracle drugs and advertisements of greater life; then the disappointment that comes when the drugs dont do and fix all they say they will. That is so much stress on your brain, your mind, and your physical self. There are so many psychological aspects to the AIDS virus that it is almost impossible to say that victims of it would not be psychologically affected in some way. I have decided to use two different articles in this paper to describe the ways in which AIDS patients are psychologically affected by the media and the pressures of the disease itself. The first article is from The Archives of General Psychiatry called Psychiatric Disorders and Drug Use Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Adults in the United States. The second is written by Jayson Blair and is called Healthy Skepticism and the Marketing of AIDS. I think that by putting these two articles together we can get a really good idea of how psychologically impaired AIDS patients can become with the of AIDS propaganda put forth by the media in addition to and combined with the use of illegal and illicit drugs. Nearly half of the sample used in the first study screened positive for a psychiatric disorder, 40% reported using an illicit drug other than marijuana, and more than 12% screened positive for drug dependence during the previo...

Free Essays on The Over- Commercialization Of Student Athletes

College athletes in this country are being over-commercialized right in front of us and they are not getting compensated in any way. Universities are using the cover of calling the athletes amateurs when in reality they are â€Å"big-time, big-money entertainment, with professional trappings, financed by a plantation mentality and slave labor† (Lyon par.3) and then the colleges say that the scholarship given to them is considerable reimbursement. The reality is that these athletes are going to school full-time and are essentially working-full time jobs for no pay. Not only that, but athletes can’t accept gifts of any kind, even if it is just something necessary like money for food or toiletries. These kids worked hard in high school to get these scholarships, but now that they have them, their lives are harder. Although a scholarship is a good way to recruit athletes to a school to make that school money, big time athletes who are being commercialized should be getting a share of the large sums of money that the schools and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) are making. In 1997, star running back for Penn State, Curtis Enis was invited to a year-end award ceremony for his team to celebrate his 1,363 rushing yards and 19 touchdowns. In order to attend, however, he would need an outfit that he did not have money for . Since he is an athlete, he would not be allowed to have the clothes needed given to him as a helpful gesture. If he were a regular student, he could have accepted the clothes as a gift from anyone and no one would look twice. But he is an athlete who is held to a hypocritical double standard (Lyon par.2). If an athlete is lucky enough to even have time for a job, NCAA rules prohibit them from working a job that pay more that $2,000 a year (O’Toole par.9). That means they can make roughly $41 per week which is hardly enough to put gas in your car nowadays. The NCAA offers athletes some alternative forms... Free Essays on The Over- Commercialization Of Student Athletes Free Essays on The Over- Commercialization Of Student Athletes College athletes in this country are being over-commercialized right in front of us and they are not getting compensated in any way. Universities are using the cover of calling the athletes amateurs when in reality they are â€Å"big-time, big-money entertainment, with professional trappings, financed by a plantation mentality and slave labor† (Lyon par.3) and then the colleges say that the scholarship given to them is considerable reimbursement. The reality is that these athletes are going to school full-time and are essentially working-full time jobs for no pay. Not only that, but athletes can’t accept gifts of any kind, even if it is just something necessary like money for food or toiletries. These kids worked hard in high school to get these scholarships, but now that they have them, their lives are harder. Although a scholarship is a good way to recruit athletes to a school to make that school money, big time athletes who are being commercialized should be getting a share of the large sums of money that the schools and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) are making. In 1997, star running back for Penn State, Curtis Enis was invited to a year-end award ceremony for his team to celebrate his 1,363 rushing yards and 19 touchdowns. In order to attend, however, he would need an outfit that he did not have money for . Since he is an athlete, he would not be allowed to have the clothes needed given to him as a helpful gesture. If he were a regular student, he could have accepted the clothes as a gift from anyone and no one would look twice. But he is an athlete who is held to a hypocritical double standard (Lyon par.2). If an athlete is lucky enough to even have time for a job, NCAA rules prohibit them from working a job that pay more that $2,000 a year (O’Toole par.9). That means they can make roughly $41 per week which is hardly enough to put gas in your car nowadays. The NCAA offers athletes some alternative forms...

Racism In Football (Soccer) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Racism In Football (Soccer) - Essay Example Such an understanding is not only important for those who love or those who are a part of the game but also for those who are students of sociology, popular culture, and even human resource management. The literature on the topic is quite varied and ranges from academic studies made of the salaries given to various players along with their race and individual performance to reports of racism given by players who have been in the field for many years. For example, Moran (2000) presents an article which discusses the presence of racism in football despite the prevalence of anti-racist initiatives within the game. He does this by presenting evidence in relation to himself and others who have faced racism. He also gives the various challenges which black players have to face due to the presence of racist behaviour and suggests that there are different forms of racism against players (Moran, 2000). His ideas of economic and salary based discrimination is supported by the study done by Szymanski (2000) who is an economist at Imperial College. This study came to the result that football clubs have discriminated against black players in more ways than one. The comparison of the salaries of black players with white players is certainly an indicator of that. Clubs are also shown to undervalue their black players even though the performance of black players is better than what their wages get them. Clubs such as Scunthorpe United and Preston North End are two of the main culprits in this regard (Szymanski, 2000). Of course the problem is not only limited to black players since British Asian footballers also face the issue of discrimination against them at the professional level. Burdsey (2004) examines the ways in which British Asian footballers perceive racism as a factor which influences their under-representation in the professional leagues. He argues that problems of

Enviromantal analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Enviromantal analysis - Essay Example The access to natural resources takes care of a wide range of critically relevant concerns in relation to the project which would cover the political, economic and environmental aspects. It has been evidently proven that there is an ethical and sustainable exploitation and sharing of natural resources by the indigenous population. Their approach towards these resources is very much environmental friendly as well. Thus communities depend on these natural resources environmentally and economically. One of the threats persisting in the implementation of the project is that this may limit or even totally prevent the access of the local community on these natural resources. This would serve as a political incorrectness of the project. Ethically, the resources are to be owned by the local population and the communities that had inhabit the place. The project holds the threat of denying this right to them. A possible way of addressing this problem is by ensuring local participation. The local people must be made aware of the potential benefits of the project. Employment possibilities must be generated for them. They must be convinced on the environmental, political and economical feasibility of the project. The initial discussions must include representatives from the local population. A project of massive level would involve displacement of the local population. They would loose their shelter and mode of living. The denial of access to the natural resources which they depended on would affect the sustainability of the population. This would moreover create a state of social insecurity among the people as well. A proper backup system for the reestablishment of the displaced communities must be ensured. Their capacity building and involvement in the project workforce would address the issue to a major extend. So as to compensate the direct economic loss in terms of access to livelihood systems, shelter, land and other resources, the victims must be properly

Ethical Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ethical - Case Study Example Siemens bribed any government official in various countries, so as to get the lucrative tenders. The bribery by Siemens was practiced in countries known all over the world for corruption such as Nigeria and unfortunately even countries renowned for transparency such as Norway and Greece were caught in the scandal. However, in February 1999, after significant pressure from countries such as the United States, Germany finally outlawed giving of bribes to foreign officials. However, instead of stopping the habit of giving bribes to the foreign officials, Siemens continued doing so discretely. Instead of abiding by the law, the firm came up with what was referred to as a â€Å"paper program.† This was an internal program that was supposed to punish the wrong doers or the people who participated in bribery. Unfortunately, the program did not punish the wrong doers. The company made millions through fraudulent deals to the expense of other firms. Soon after legalizing giving of bribery to foreign officials in the year 2000, authorities in Austria as well as Switzerland started becoming suspicious of some payments worth millions of dollars that Siemens was making to some offshore accounts. After lengthy investigations, some of the top managers at Siemens were arrested and some even prosecuted . Bribery and other related corrupt practices are unethical and unacceptable in any business circle. This is because it undermines the ethical corporate culture. To a larger extent bribery is known for mutilating fundamental corporate values of honesty and integrity. The Siemens scandal in our case which involved key employee bribing top officials of the business in foreign countries in order to win contracts was a serious unethical practice. In always vital for all companies to compete for tenders and contracts on fair ground, but unfortunately bribes are often used to distort the market place in order to favor a particular company over others. For instances, top

The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg by Mark Twain Research Paper - 1

The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg by Mark Twain - Research Paper Example Following this, the stranger decides to teach the entire region of Hadleyburg a lesson by turning them into corrupt citizens. He wants to make them aware of the ‘actual realities’ of life by making them turn to look at the kind of temptations and corruption that life actually contains. The stranger happens to have an entire plan of action in order to go about this process as well. This story has been written by the author as a pun on today’s world and different kind of people living in society. Living in an ideal world or a Utopian land is a concept not really known to mankind. Twain has tried to depict a very ‘clean’ society with citizens free from any bribery and wrongdoing. However, he also put in the character that tries to destroy this kind of perfect imagery and create havoc within the town. Through the eyes of this main protagonist Twain tries to tell his readers how it is impossible to live in a picture perfect world. According to the author, society is made up of all kinds of people, the bad and the good. This story however, gives an image of the good people that a society should ideally contain. Through this, Mark has tried his level best to make people understand that one cannot really live in such a place; and that such a society is not really something that would exist in today’s world. â€Å"It is an honest town once more, and the man will have to rise early that catches it napping again.† (Twain, Mark) The word ‘Utopian’ comes exactly from the meaning of this book on a different level. It is used to describe a situation, preferably a place or a region, where everything is perfect; where the people are living together in harmony, not fighting and are happy with everything that they have to offer to the people around them. However, this is not the case in real life because in reality, different kinds of people exist in the world. They each have their own views about living and surviving in the

Role of Transaction Cost in Intermediation Process Assignment

Role of Transaction Cost in Intermediation Process - Assignment Example For instance, when the bank acts as intermediary it connects individuals with different needs, financial inputs at different point of time. It allows people to save money into various accounts like savings account, time deposits, salary account, pension funds, and so on. After the bank accepts deposits from an individual it invests that sum into projects which have returns greater than or equal to the cost of investment which is also the bank’s liability. Now, if any corporate or individual approaches the bank for loan, the bank will charge interest on that loan. This interest will increase the transaction cost of the individual or corporate. The interest charged on loans by the bank on the borrower will obviously higher than what the bank has to pay to the depositors. This is because in order to operate in the market and serve the community it has to maintain a profit margin for all transaction which otherwise would lead to collapse of business. The advantage that an individu al or a corporate will get from an intermediation process is that the credit risk is transferred from individual borrower to the bank. This is because when a corporate raises funds from market directly without any intermediation, the credit risk of parties to transaction has to be evaluated personally. This is true in case of over-the-counter markets where the contracts are much customised according to individual requirements and parties to contract enter into agreement with each other without any intermediary. This reduces their transaction cost but also increases the credit risk. When an intermediary is introduced in the same model as in case of exchange traded funds, the transaction cost increases due to brokerage charges, maintenance fee, printing and advertising charges, commissions, and so on. The various costs are passed on to the fund raiser and hence decreasing the transaction cost of the individual from intermediation process (Buckle and Thompson, 2004, p.37). From the abo ve discussion, the role of transaction cost in the intermediation can be summarised as follows. The intermediation process aims to connect the individuals with surplus funds with individuals with deficit funds in order to channel funds properly in the economic system. In the process of intermediation the individuals and corporate is able to reduce search cost of raising funds, verification cost, monitoring cost, and credit worthiness of the parties involved in transaction. Since the intermediary provides these services, it charges a fee or commission for providing these services which increases the cost of transaction from intermediation process but such cost is much less compared to the benefit from intermediations (Mishkin and Eakins, 1998, p.369). For instance, the banks offer standardised services and products that reduce cost of transaction and the risk of investment. The OTC market mainly operates without intermediation and is hence a much more risky option. Role of Asymmetric Information in Intermediation Process In order to understand the role of asymmetric information in the intermediation process, it is important to understand the concept of asymmetric information. Asymmetric information arises from a situation when one party to transaction has more information compared to the other. This is generally

Organizational Issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Organizational Issues - Essay Example The company gives a provision for daycare where children are kept safe when their guardians are away to school or work. The company acts as a custodian of the community’s interest and profits. The external pressure has not entirely had an effect on the organizational ethics of the company. The external pressure would have informed the organization’s leader to opt to research employees with potential. A good number of organizations need to know the entire background of workers to avoid unnecessary turnarounds by the employees. The Greyston’s hiring process is a thing many firms have considered outdated. External pressures have transformed the ethics somehow in another way. The organization concentrates highly on community of its origin. The community does have problems with assistance provided where it is needed much by the company. The community members have faced problems in the past and have no variety of options where they can choose from mainly in the market of jobs. Moreover, the community do not enjoy from the option of daycare either. The company has made it possible for the children to be taken care of in educational facilities that are safe. The issues are associated to personal and organizational decisions as they are role models. The company illustrates to the workers on how they are supposed to live in the community. The firm gives the employees second chances despite of the problems they might have caused in the past. By doing this the company tries to show the community that one should always be given a second chance to correct the situation. The company also provides education and daycares portraying social responsibility. The company aids the community in educating and taking care of the children. All this is an example to the society on how they should live. Greyston Bakery always has a slogan that gives an inspiration. It states that a company is bounded

The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg by Mark Twain Research Paper - 1

The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg by Mark Twain - Research Paper Example Following this, the stranger decides to teach the entire region of Hadleyburg a lesson by turning them into corrupt citizens. He wants to make them aware of the ‘actual realities’ of life by making them turn to look at the kind of temptations and corruption that life actually contains. The stranger happens to have an entire plan of action in order to go about this process as well. This story has been written by the author as a pun on today’s world and different kind of people living in society. Living in an ideal world or a Utopian land is a concept not really known to mankind. Twain has tried to depict a very ‘clean’ society with citizens free from any bribery and wrongdoing. However, he also put in the character that tries to destroy this kind of perfect imagery and create havoc within the town. Through the eyes of this main protagonist Twain tries to tell his readers how it is impossible to live in a picture perfect world. According to the author, society is made up of all kinds of people, the bad and the good. This story however, gives an image of the good people that a society should ideally contain. Through this, Mark has tried his level best to make people understand that one cannot really live in such a place; and that such a society is not really something that would exist in today’s world. â€Å"It is an honest town once more, and the man will have to rise early that catches it napping again.† (Twain, Mark) The word ‘Utopian’ comes exactly from the meaning of this book on a different level. It is used to describe a situation, preferably a place or a region, where everything is perfect; where the people are living together in harmony, not fighting and are happy with everything that they have to offer to the people around them. However, this is not the case in real life because in reality, different kinds of people exist in the world. They each have their own views about living and surviving in the

Organizational Issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Organizational Issues - Essay Example The company gives a provision for daycare where children are kept safe when their guardians are away to school or work. The company acts as a custodian of the community’s interest and profits. The external pressure has not entirely had an effect on the organizational ethics of the company. The external pressure would have informed the organization’s leader to opt to research employees with potential. A good number of organizations need to know the entire background of workers to avoid unnecessary turnarounds by the employees. The Greyston’s hiring process is a thing many firms have considered outdated. External pressures have transformed the ethics somehow in another way. The organization concentrates highly on community of its origin. The community does have problems with assistance provided where it is needed much by the company. The community members have faced problems in the past and have no variety of options where they can choose from mainly in the market of jobs. Moreover, the community do not enjoy from the option of daycare either. The company has made it possible for the children to be taken care of in educational facilities that are safe. The issues are associated to personal and organizational decisions as they are role models. The company illustrates to the workers on how they are supposed to live in the community. The firm gives the employees second chances despite of the problems they might have caused in the past. By doing this the company tries to show the community that one should always be given a second chance to correct the situation. The company also provides education and daycares portraying social responsibility. The company aids the community in educating and taking care of the children. All this is an example to the society on how they should live. Greyston Bakery always has a slogan that gives an inspiration. It states that a company is bounded

Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay Example for Free

Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. introduces the â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail† by mentioning, â€Å"While confined here in the Birmingham city jail, I came across your recent statement calling my present activities ‘unwise and untimely’(para. 1). After he establishes why he is writing this letter he places the issue in context by stating, But since I feel that you are men of genuine good will and that your criticisms are sincerely set forth, I want to try to answer your statement in what I hope will be patient and reasonable terms(para. 1). Dr.  King knows what is at stake by indicating, I cannot sit idly by in Atlanta and not be concerned about what is happens in Birmingham injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere(para. 4). Dr. King verifies that he wants everyone to see why his brothers and sisters are demonstrating in Birmingham. He states this by saying, You deplore the demonstrations taking place in Birmingham but your statement, I am sorry to say, fails to express a similar concern for the conditions that brought about the demonstrations(para. 5). The stance Dr. King took was that peaceful protest and marches were an outlet for his people to express their frustration. Dr. King says to his critics, There comes a day when the cup of endurance runs over, and men are no longer willing to be plunged into the abyss of despair I hope, sirs, you can understand our legitimate and unavoidable impatience. The common ground Dr. King encourages is to do peaceful and nonviolent marches and protests. He details this in his letter by saying, You are quite right in calling for negotiation onviolent direct action seeks to create such a crisis and foster such a tension that a community which has constantly refused to negotiate is forced to confront the issue(para. 10). Dr. King promises that his direct action program is constructive, but nonviolent. In his letter he mentions this by saying, The purpose of our direct-action program is to create a situation so crisis-packed that it will inevitably open the door to negotiation I therefore concur with you in your call for negotiation(para. 11). Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. ffers a resolution by saying, â€Å"†I also hope that circumstances will soon make it possible for me to meet each of you, not as integrationist or a civil rights leader but as a fellow clergyman and a Christian brother†¦Let us all hope that the dark clouds of racial prejudice will soon pass away and the deep fog of misunderstanding will be lifted from our fear-drenched communities, and in some not too distant tomorrow the radiant stars of love and brotherhood will shine over our great nation with their scintillating beauty†(para. 47).

Sociology Essays Code Street Life

Sociology Essays Code Street Life Code Street Life Interpreting The Code of the Street â€Å"Gangster life† is often portrayed as exiting and glamorous, while the news often stereotypes the urban slums as being corrupt by violent criminals. Elijah Anderson thoroughly explains in his book â€Å"Code of the Street† that life in poor minority communities are not always portrayed correctly in the media. The author offers a unique way of researching for this topic; by living in the area he studies he is able to share information only known by experience. He intends to expose and clarify the life of the inner city streets. The first chapter, â€Å"Decent and Street Families†, explains several issues many families face when raiding a â€Å"decent† child. The lifestyles of of these minority communities are, in reality, very complex and intricate. The book explains how the â€Å"Code†, or lifestyle, varies for many groups within the culture. The difference between street and decent families and the way they interact with each other, the difference of communities, and the significance of respect are all main ideas explained within the first two chapters. The violent surroundings and unfair circumstances are the origin of each individual’s lifestyle. The author uses the term â€Å"structural circumstances† to define the position one becomes involved in as a results of their place in society. One example the author used in his novel is the life of a â€Å"decent† single mother, where the term â€Å"decent’ is used to describe the individuals that do not give in to society’s negative influences. Though one common theme among decent families that is currently on the rise is grandmothers raising grandchildren â€Å"particularly the increasing number of grandmothers raising grandchildren, often see their see their difficult situation as a test from God and derive great support from their faith and church community† (Anderson 38). Single mothers and grandparents have a much more difficult time swaying their children from the negative influences of the â€Å"street†. One common trait of the â€Å"decent† child is the ability to â€Å"code switch†. A decent child is often mocked and teased by peers as well as family members as explained in Yvette’s Story, which is the reason for code-switching. One of the first stories titled â€Å"The Decent Single Mother† Explains the many hardships of having to raise a child in a dent manner without the support of a fatherly figure. The ability to code-switch permits a child to use crude and vulgar language and act in a different manner while in the streets, thus giving a child a way to survive certain situations. The author insists that this trait is taught by the parents, thought I believe it is learned thorough experience. In the â€Å"street† manhood is defied as how well one can defend him or herself in a fight. And at the same time, being able to fight and not let anyone else talk oneself down raises respect among the peers. The author claims â€Å"Respect becomes critical for stating out of harms way† (Anderson 66). There is a problem that might arise after a fight though, revenge. Revenge can become very dangerous depending on the person who was offended by being beaten. Examples vary form returning with a group of friends or even family members to intimidate others (An example taken from Marge’s story) to returning with a weapon where the outcome can result in serious injury or even death. This â€Å"Campaign for Respect† arises when the people feel as if they are abandoned and will not receive help from authorities, feeling as if they are on their own. The author writes: â€Å"[M]any of those residing in such communities feel that they are on their own, that especially in matters of personal defense, they must assume the primary responsibility† (Anderson 66). The film that portrays the best idea as to how the streets of the Bronx might have been like is the film â€Å"Boys N the Hood†. There are several scenes in the film that relate to the book. For example, in the beginning of the film the main character, a troublemaker, is sent to live with his father to learn how to â€Å"be a man†. There is a whole chapter dedicated to the campaign for respect; a section of which is titled â€Å"Manhood and Nerve†. Here the author claims â€Å"For many inner-city youths, manhood and respect are two sides of the same coin [†¦] both require a sense of control, of being in charge† (Anderson 91). Loosing control over a situation can result in disastrous effects. The author does not give any specific examples however since the film closely relates to the topic of the book, bringing an example from the film is appropriate. A scene from the film involves â€Å"Doughboy†, one of the main characters in the movie, and his attempt to recover his brother’s stolen football from a group of much bigger and stronger boys. He stands up to the group of boys who are pushing him around. He gets in the face of one boy in particular and kicks him in the leg. The bigger boy retaliates by slapping Doughboy down and kicking him in the stomach. Doughboy criticizes his brother for being â€Å"stupid† and bringing the ball in the first place. Doughboy is has been humiliated in front of his brother and at that time is also feeling embarrassed and places the blame toward his brother. Doughboy’s attempt to retrieve his brother’s football and the resulting assault has everything to do with â€Å"juice† and the cultural adaptations Doughboy has had to make as the street kid in his decent family. As a street kid he needs to be aggressive and assert himself physically. Therefore, when his brother’s ball is stolen he reacts violently as this is the language of street life. The older boy, not to be shown up by a small, lesser boy, beats Doughboy up, most likely in order to maintain his reputation as a tough street kid. Also, just like a street kid, drugs and alcohol become a major part of his life later on as he is always seen drinking a forty. As â€Å"objects play an important and complicated role in establishing self-image† (Anderson, 73) his car also becomes a source of juice as it has expensive features and is very well maintained. The main goal for the decent family is to give the younger generation, usually their offspring, a chance to develop and grow out of the raging violence of the streets. Instilling good morals in a child’s early years is often emphasized: â€Å"In decent families there is almost always a real concern with and a certain amount of hope for the future. Such attitudes are often in a drive to work †¦ ‘to build a good life,’ while at the same time trying to ‘make due with what you have’† (Anderson 37). Instilling these morals into the children is important if that child is to make the right decisions while in the street. Even though this task is daunting on its own, it becomes especially daunting when there is a single parent. A household maintained under the supervision of a father figure creates a more stable environment for the child. Sure both parents may work double shifts and may work late night after night, but this only serves as another reason for the children to perform well. A passage from the book shares this idea: â€Å"The children nodded attentively. After the adults left, the children seemed to relax, talking more freely and playing with one another. When the parents returned, the kids straightened up again [†¦] displaying quiet and gracious manners all the while† (Anderson 39). In this patriarchal family the head of the household, usually the father, the children remain obedient out of fear of disappointing their parents. The decent children in this passage have a slightly higher chance at success than their fellow peers solely because neither they nor their parents have given in to the street life. Respect, or â€Å"Juice†, is highly valued in the streets. It is something everyone should earn in order to live without being constantly picked on or harassed. Juice can be earned in multiple ways however the most common way is through fights. In the book, Anderson claims â€Å"[T]here are always people around looking for a fight in order to increase their share of respect† (73). The alternative to engaging in random fights is intimidation through physical appearance. The way a person is viewed depends on physical their appearance where factors such as the more jewelry one has, the most expensive clothing, and even the way one grooms oneself determines the amount of respect they have. In the last example Doughboy seeks revenge for his brother’s murder and, in the process the characters act out Anderson’s ideas about reasons for revenge and Tre’s decent kid dilemma. Ricky was a much loved and valued member of the group of boys featured in the film. By murdering Ricky, the group of other males has greatly disrespected Doughboy’s position in the streets. Doughboy, as Anderson would predict, does not appear to fear death as he will face Ricky’s murderers with his gun and kill them, knowing, as he discusses the next day with Tre, that he will most likely â€Å"get smoked†, meaning shot to death. â€Å"True nerve expresses a lack of fear of death† and this proves manhood, which is very closely related to respect (Anderson, 92). Like Tyree in Anderson’s book, Doughboy feels an obligation to hurt those that hurt his brother and gains power from hurting others in the most severe form (Anderson, 84). Doughboy is purely a street kid. In short, Anderson’s book, â€Å"Code of the Street† discusses ideas of decent and street families as well as the crucial concept of respect in a way that is in agreement with the film â€Å"Boyz N the Hood†. The actions of Tre and his father mirror those of a decent family living in poor minority community and Doughboy’s actions are characteristic of Anderson’s ideas about street individuals. Their lives warrant examination in order to determine causes of crime as well as reasons why not all individuals in these violent communities are criminals. It is clear that opportunities need to be afforded to the individuals in these communities so that they can have hope for the future and not end up with the mindset of Doughboy that it doesn’t matter if he’s shot because everyone has to die sometime. The people must be allowed access to the resources necessary to become decent families which include alternative avenues to gaining â€Å"juice.† As opposed to achieving respect through violence and drug dealing, other standards and means to reach those standards need to be instilled in the community. Education and job training should be stressed and drug problems should be treated. Violence in the community should also be controlled so that individuals feel safe and decent kids can listen to music and study as opposed to the popping sounds of gunshots.

The Malaysian Economy: Booming :: essays research papers

The Malaysian Economy: Booming The Economy: Following a period of severe and prolonged recession, the Malaysian economy has returned to growth aided by a relaxation of monetary and fiscal policies and by increased export demand, particularly in the electronics sector. While the world economic slowdown was more severe than expected and the unprecedented September 11 events in the United States had widespread implications for all economies, Malaysia was able to steer away from a major economic contraction and GDP growth for the year remained in positive territory. However, given the openness of its economy with trade accounting for about 200 percent of GDP, Malaysia was not spared from the negative effects of the United States economic slowdown. These effects came in the form of declining manufacturing production and negative export growth, particularly of electronics. Nevertheless, the government’s initiation of strong monetary and fiscal policies to stimulate economic growth through accelerating domestic economic activi ties and reducing the over-dependence on exports helped the nation to sustain a positive real GDP growth. Since 1998 the Government has relaxed the equity guidelines for investment in the manufacturing sector. Foreigners can now own 100% equity regardless of the level of exports and several incentives have also been introduced recently to promote the manufacturing-related services sector. Foreign Direct Investment has been the key to the country's remarkable success in recent years. Hundreds of international companies have so far established themselves in the country, attracted by the favorable investment environment has made Malaysia one of the world’s top locations for offshore manufacturing operations. Manufacturing is now the largest export sector of the economy (contributing around 34% of GDP and employing nearly 28% of the labor force in 2000). The electronics sector (radios and television) is the main export earner followed by processed foods, rubber, chemicals, timber, petroleum-refining and automobile manufacturing. In 2001, the impact of the slowdown in economic activity was also felt by the labor market, particularly in terms of unemployed workers in the manufacturing sector. However, given the flexibility accorded by the labor market, alternative measures that were adopted by employers (such as pay cuts and temporary layoffs) helped contain the number of workers unemployed. The Malaysian exchange rate remained pegged to the US dollar at the rate of RM3.80 per US dollar in 2001 (an arrangement that has been effective since 2 September 1998). The ‘Ringgit’ appreciated against all major currencies, including regional currencies in tandem with the strong U.

The Exporters Pocketbook :: Business

<a href="http://www.geocities.com/vaksam/">Sam Vaknin's Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web Sites I. The Export Transaction and its Documents The Transaction Finding a market for the goods (market research) Selecting the marketing channels Negotiations Pricing Distribution channels Order Contract Commercial Invoice Commercial Invoice must include (minimum): Payment Terms Mode of Payment Division of Costs Details of Carrier Details of Receiving Party Details of Buyer Other Details For best results use the ECE (Economic Commission for Europe) Standard Commercial Invoice Packing List must include (minimum): Contents of the Packaging (=of the shipment) If more than one package or outer and inner packing – all contents per each packing and per each package must be detailed separately Permits and Licenses Export licenses if needed Standards certificates Labeling Quality control certificates (highest is ISO, such as ISO-9002 or ISO-9000) Health and phytosanitary certificates Veterinary certificates Other permits, licenses and certificates Service Providers Marine Transport Air Transport Land Transport (lorry, train) Insurance Warehousing Banking and other Financial Services (factoring, forfeiting, etc.) Airway Bill of Lading (ABL) (More details later – see appendices for samples) Holder of ABL does not own goods Air Transport Contract not effected – but ABL proof of existence of such contract, including weight, measurements, number of packages and invoice. Marine Bill of Lading (MBL) Proof of receipt of goods in a certain condition Proof of existence of transport contract MBL facilitates the transfer of ownership Negotiable, transferable and assignable Subject to the Hague conditions and MUST INCLUDE: Name and address of sender Port of loading and Port of discharge Date of lading and place of issuance of bill of lading Name of vessel and number of voyage Identity marks of cargo Description of goods – number of packing units, weight, volume Condition of goods – statement of carrier (if not stated – the goods are in good condition) â€Å"Clean on Board† not â€Å"Foul† Types of Bills of Lading (BL) Shipped BL – Goods are on deck of ship Received for Shipment – Prior to loading onto ship Direct BL – From origin to destination, transshipment not allowed Ocean Through BL – In case of transit involving a few carriers. In such a case, each carrier imposes its own conditions on each leg of the voyage and for the limited duration it handles the cargo. Pure Through BL – First carrier must transport from port of loading to a mid-point and is responsible for damages to the goods.

History of Airplanes Essay

The history of airplane obviously has begun after the real airplanes have been invented by Orville and Wilbur Wright on December 17 1903. Airplanes made getting from one place to another much faster. Increases speed of transportation of cargo and people and also as a war platform. Increased speed medicines could be transported and people could be flown into and out of war zones for treatment at a nearby unit or hospital. This transferred into the everyday citizen’s life outside of war time. What we call today life flight planes and helicopters. Airplanes have changed by becoming faster, larger, and more usable. Airplanes can be used for a lot of things now other than just flying one person around. They can be used for war, transportation, and many other things. The engines have become more powerful; they have acquired more seats, and have been built to have a variety of uses in one single aircraft. The Wright brothers, Orville and Wilbur were two American credited with inventi ng and building the world’s first successful airplane and making the first controlled, powered human flight on December 17 1903. How does the airplane work? When air flows past and airplane wing, it breaks into two airstreams. The one that goes under the wing encounters the wings surface, which acts as a ramp and pushes the air downward and forward. The air slow somewhat and its pressure increases. Forces between this lower airstreams and the wings undersurface provide some of the lift that supports the wing. However, before the first airplanes was invented by the Wright brothers, inventors made numerous attempts to make like the birds and fly. These early inventions included kites, hot air balloons, airship, gliders, and other devices. World War I was the first armed conflict in which airplanes played a major role. When the war began, it was fought largely between ground forces, but as it progressed, the airplane began playing a larger and larger role. As the Allies amassed great air strength, they so ably disrupted German ground forces that the war quickly came to an end. Airplanes have revolutionized (change) society by making it faster to get from one place to another. Also in wars the airplanes could fly over battle fields and drop bombs down to the enemy’s camp creating an easy way to victory. Airplanes changed the world because in the 1800s, there were no airplanes. Then we needed to travel by ships or other transport, and it took a lot of time too. But when airplanes were invented, people saved a lot of time because airplanes went very fast. Now, if want to go places and it is far away from home, we can take an airplane. When we take an airplane we can see beautiful views. But now when humans start wars, they will use airplanes to damage their enemy from above and they can cause a lot of damage and that not well. Progress never stops and people invent more complicated and faster transportation vehicles. Every vehicle changes people’s lives so that they can reach their destination and transport heavy loads quickly, safer and easier. In my opinion, one of the most important transportation vehicles, planes changed our lives drastically. Firstly, planes can transport people and things far away very rapidly. It means more interactions between nations occur. Nowadays one can make business not only in one country but also internationally with the help of airplanes. Having breakfast with your partner in one country you can easily take a flight and have a dinner with you r companions in another country. A new technology inspired by the self-healing powers of plants and animals may allow damaged planes to fix themselves on the fly and point out even minuscule holes to mechanics upon landing. If the technique pans out, then aircraft, wind turbines and perhaps even spaceships of the future may boast embedded circulatory systems with an epoxy resin that can bleed into holes or cracks and then fluoresce under ultraviolet light to mark the damage like a bruise during follow-up inspections. The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in March of 1876. The telephone changed the world by making communication easier for people in different parts of the world. Imagine not being able to talk to a friend in another state or country. If telephones aren’t there, talking to someone on the go would be impossible. Telephones have changed in many ways , now we have mobile telephones which are called cellphones .Nowadays, telephones and cellphones look more modern and smaller. Cell phones can now do more than just call people unlike in the 1970’s when it was first made. Now cellphones have games, music, notes, text messaging, etc. Alexander Graham Bell was born on March 3, 1847 in Edinburgh, Scotland. His father taught elocution and his mother was deaf. In 1870, Bell and his family moved to Canada. Alexander graham bell was an eminent inventor who is credited with inventing the first practical telephone. The telephone was invented because he wanted to find away how to communicate with other people apart from talking face to face. The coin operated pay telephone was invented by William Gray of Hartford in 1889. The first rotational dial telephone was developed in 1923 by Antoine Barany in France. The mobile telephone was invented by Bell Telephone Company and introduced into New York City police cars in 1924. Although the first commercial mobile phone service became available in St. Louis, Missouri in 1946, the mobile telephone would not become common for another four decades. Phones only came in one color at that time. Black! You only had one telephone in the house. I would say that the phone has changed the world with communication universally. Society can’t live without their phone. Lives have been saved. Businesses have been started and ended. Most everything is by the Telephone. One thing hasn’t changed people will never stop talking. Good bad or indifferent. The phone is here to stay if you wanted to know what a store has in stock or when the will have a certain in stock you could call them . Also it can be safer because if there was an emergency you could dial 911 and they could come and help/assist you. Telephones and cellphones in many different ways like some people stay too long on their cellphones and don’t really spend time doing anything else whereas some people find their lives easier with a cellphone so that they can communicate with friends and family. The telephone changed the world by making it easy for people from anywhere in the world to contact others quickly. You can live in New York and call someone in California. It has empowered us with the ability to communicate easily, yet at the same time it has isolated us a bit. Since we are able to reach family and friends easily, we don’t always visit them as much as we used to. The telephone has also affected written communication skills. We talk on the phone and text message as opposed to writing letters. Texting is definitely affecting our grammar skill the telephone has many positives and negatives. So what will phones look like in 2050? Based upon phone customer behavior, I imagine the future phones will rely more on integrating our physical lives with our digital lives. They probably won’t resemble the handsets we’re used to now. They’ll be built into other devices and products. Imagine a pair of glasses that can display a digital overlay on top of your physical surroundings.